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Saturday, 3 May 2014

Scientists developed World’s First Solar Jet Fuel

Scientists developed World’s First Solar Jet Fuel



Scientists on 29 April 2014 for the first time developed Solar Jet Fuel using Sunlight, water and carbon dioxide (Co2). The project called SOLAR-JET was funded by European Union (EU).
Solar-Jet project partners include the German Aerospace Center (DLR), ETH Zürich, Bauhaus Luftfahrt and Shell.
Researchers have for the first time successfully demonstrated the entire production chain for renewable kerosene, using concentrated light as a high-temperature energy source. 

The process

In a first step concentrated simulating sunlight was used to convert carbon dioxide and water to synthesis gas (syngas) in a high-temperature solar reactor containing metal-oxide based materials. The syngas is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The syngas was then converted into kerosene by Shell using the established Fischer-Tropsch process.
Fischer-Tropsch derived fuels are already certified and can be used by existing vehicles and aircraft without modifications of their engines or of fuel infrastructure.

About Solar Jet

The four-year SOLAR-JET project was launched in June 2011. The project received 2.2 million Euros from the Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development (FP7).
The project is still at the experimental stage, with a glassful of jet fuel produced in laboratory conditions, using simulated sunlight. However, the results give hope that in future any liquid hydrocarbon fuels could be produced from sunlight, CO2 and water.

Some Confusing GK questions and answers



1. The Chrysanthemum Throne is the throne of the Emperor of …………….?
Answer: Japan

2. Which spiritual leader’s throne is the Lion Throne?
Answer: Dalai Lama

3. Which world famous throne was decorated by the Kuh-i-Nur diamond?
Answer: Takht-e Tavus (The Peacock Throne)

4. Who is the longest served Pope of the Roman Catholics?
Answer: Pius IX

5. Which religion’s holiest day of the year is known as ‘Yom Kippur’?
Answer: Judaism

6. Which is the oldest poem in the English language?
Answer: Ans. Beowulf

7. Which country owns the maximum number of nuclear war heads?
Answer: Russia

8. The highest military honour in the United Kingdom is known as …………?
Answer: Victoria Cross

9. Which country issued the largest coin in the world?
Answer: Sweden

10. The first cheque was issued on 22 April 1659 in..........?
Answer: London

11. Who was the first to invent the credit cards?
Answer: Frank X McNamara (USA)

12. Which bank was the operators of the world’s first ATM, began operation on 27 June 1967 at London?
Answer: Barclays Bank

13. Which is the only gem of the world made of a single element?
Answer: Diamond

14. Name the volcanic rock best known for sometimes containing diamonds?
Answer: Kimberlite

15. Which element is used to coat the photocopying drum of Xerox machine?
Answer: Selenium

Some Indian GK Questions



Who was the first Minister of Communication of India?
Answer: C.R.K Kidwai

Which is the Website of India Post?
Answer: Indiapost.gov. in

Expand the abbreviation G.P.O?
Answer: General Post Office

Shantivan is the Samadhi place of:
Answer: Jawaharlal Nehru

Central Food Technological Research Institute is at:
Answer: Mysore

‘Straight from the heart’ is the autobiography of:
Answer: Kapil Dev

The Red Fort in Delhi was built by:
Answer: Shahjahan

International Literacy Day is observed on:
Answer: September 8

The Leader who is known as the ‘Grand Old Man of India’?
Answer: Dadabhai Naoroji

The author of the book ‘Gandhi His Life And Thought’?
Answer: J.B. Kripalani

The first Indian who got the Nobel Prize for physics?
Answer: Dr. C.V. Raman

The first Chief Election Commissioner of India?
Answer: Sukumar Sen

First official census conducted in India on?
Answer: 1872

First woman chief election commissioner of India?
Answer: V.S. Ramadevi

Indian state with the largest area under forest is:
Answer: Madhya Pradesh

Largest Zoo in India is at:
Answer: Calcutta

Gir Forest in India is in:
Answer: Gujarat

Which is known as the “Heart and Soul” of the Indian Constitution?
Answer: Right to constitutional remedy

The person who gave the call “Dilli Chalo”:
Answer: Subhash Chandra Bose

The first Indian postage was released in:
Answer: 1854

The river which originates in the Gupta ganga hills of Orissa:
Answer: Baitarani

The river which originates Kulu hills near Rohtang pass:
Answer: Beas

The river which originates near the Chemayungdung glacier near mansarovar lake:
Answer: Brahmaputra

Which river originates near Lahul in Himachal Pradesh?
Answer: Chenab

The river which originates from thriambak hills:
Answer: Godavari

Which state has the largest mangrove forest area?
Answer: West Bengal

Which state has the second largest mangrove forest area?
Answer: Gujarat

Which state has the least forest area?
Answer: Punjab

Which state has the least percentage of forest area?
Answer: Punjab

The headquarters of the Forest Survey of India:
Answer: Dehra Dun

The only crator lake in India:
Answer: Lonar

In which state is Lonar lake?
Answer: Maharashtra

Nalsarovar lake is in the state of:
Answer: Gujarat

The saltiest lake in India:
Answer: Sambhar

In which state is Sambhar lake?
Answer: Rajastan

Kasiranga national park in Assam is famous for:
Answer: One horned Rhino

 Keolodeo national park is in the state of:
Answer: Rajastan

 In which state is Elephanta caves?
Answer: Maharashtra

Important Information for all exams


  1. President of Confederation of Indian Industries (CII): S Gopalakrishnan
  2. Director General of Confederation of Indian Industries (CII): Chandrajeet Banerjee
  3. President of Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industries (FICCI): Siddhartha Birla
  4. President of National Association of Software and Service Companies (NASSCOM): R. Chandrashekhar
  5. Chairman of National Association of Software and Service Companies (NASSCOM): R. Chandrasekaran
  6. Chairman of National School of Drama: Ratan Thiyam
  7. Director General of Council of Scientific & Industrial Research: Dr. T. Ramasami (Additional Charge)
  8. Director of Indian Agriculture Research Institute(IARI): Dr. Hari Shankar Gupta
  9. Chairman of Life Insurance Corporation of India: S.K Roy
  10. Chairman cum Managing Director of (CMD) of General Insurance Corporation of India (GIC): Shri P J Joseph
  11. Chairman of Insurance Regulatory & Development Authority (IRDA): T S Vijayan
  12. Chairman of National Bank for Agricultural and Rural Development (NABARD): H K Bhanwala
  13. Chairman of University Grants Commission (UGC): Prof. Ved Prakash
  14. Chairman of Press Trust of India (PTI): K N Shanth Kumar

Types of Cheque


1. Order Cheque: A cheque which is payable to a particular person or his order is called an order cheque.

2. Bearer Cheque:  A cheque which is payable to a person whosoever bears, is called bearer cheque.

3. Blank Cheque: A cheque on which the drawer puts his signature and leaves all other columns blank is called a blank cheque.

4. Stale Cheque: The cheque which is more than six months old is a stale cheque.

5. Multilated Cheque: If a cheque is torn into two or more pieces, it is termed as mutilated cheque.

6. Post Dated Cheque: If a cheque bears a date later than the date of issue, it is termed as post dated cheque.

7. Open Cheque: A cheque which has not been crossed is called an open cheque. Even if a cheque is crossed and subsequently the drawer has cancelled the crossing at the request of the payee and affixes his full signature with the words “crossing cancelled pay cash”, it becomes an open cheque.

8. Crossed Cheque: A cheque which carries too parallel transverse lines across the face of the cheque with or without the words “I and co”, is said to be crossed.

9. Gift Cheques: Gift cheques are used for offering presentations on occasions like birthday, weddings and such other situations. It is available in various denominations.

10. Traveller’s Cheques: It is an instrument issued by a bank for remittance of money from one place to another.