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Monday 22 September 2014

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TERMS 2

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TERMS:-


1.)GEAR – A wheel with teeth that engage or mesh with teeth of another wheel.

2.)GEAR BOX– A unit which has a series of gears and shafts to vary the speed of the gearbox output shaft compared to the engine speed. This in turn increases the torque and thereby improves acceleration of the vehicle.

3.)GEAR RATIO – The ratio of the number of teeth on two gears to mesh with each other.

4.)HANDLING– The ease of maneuvering a vehicle without slipping or skidding.

5.)HYDRAULIC BRAKE – A brake system using hydraulic fluid, piston and cylinders to provide extremely high pressure for brake application.

6.)HYDRAULIC CLUTCH – A clutch that uses hydraulic pressure to actuate the clutch. Used in heavy duty equipment and where the engine is away from the drivers compartment so that it would be difficult to use mechanical linkages.

7.)HYDRAULIC CONTROL VALVES – A system of valves that senses driving conditions and automatically shifts the transmission.

8.)HYPOID GEARS – Drive pinion and ring gears whose shape allows them to mesh off centre.

9.)INDEPENDENT SUSPENSION – A type of suspension system in which each wheel is independently supported by a spring. A suspension that allows up and down movement of one wheel without affecting the opposite wheel.

10.)INNER TUBE (tyre) – The inside rubber tube assembled in the tyre casing, it maintains the air at sufficient pressure to inflate the casing and adequately support the vehicle weight.

11.)FLUID FLY WHEEL– A liquid coupling used to transmit the engine effort (torque) to a clutch and transmission. This coupling is always a major part of the engine flywheel.

12.)FORWARD CONTROL TRUCK– has the engine either in or below the driver’s cabin.

 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TERMS 1

13.)FORWARD EFFICIENCY – is the ratio of the amount of driver input torque which is available at the wheels to turn the same to the total amount of input torque from the driver at the steering wheel.

14.)FOUR WHEEL DRIVE– Some cross country vehicles (Jeeps) have this arrangement. In this case, the engine power is transmitted to all the four wheels of the vehicle. The main advantage of this arrangement is the entire vehicle weight is available for traction.

15.)FRAME – The assembly of metal structural parts and channel sections that forms the base and supports the engine and body and is supported by the vehicle wheels.

16.)EMERGENCY BRAKE– is the hand brake, operated by a lever, is used when the vehicle is left parked and prevents the vehicle from moving. The hand brake can be applied to stop the vehicle when the service brake fails.

17.)EPICYCLIC GEAR– In the epicyclic gearing, at least one gear not only rotates about its own axis, but also rotates about some other axis.

18.)FADE (brake) – A condition that occurs when there is little braking effect with full brake pedal force.

19.)FINAL DRIVE – The final gear reduction between the engine and the drive wheels.

20.)FIXED CALIPER DISC BRAKES – Disc brakes using a caliper which is fixed in position and cannot move.

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TERMS 1

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TERMS:-



1.)DRAGSTER – Car especially built for drag racing.

2.)DRAG WHEEL – Special steering wheel used on some dragsters. Often consists of cross bar spoke and portion of rim on each end.

3.)DRIVE LINE or DRIVE TRAIN – Propeller shaft, universal joints etc. connecting transmission output shaft to axle pinion gear shaft.


4.)DROP CENTRE RIM – Centre section of rim being lower than two outer edges. This allows bead of tyre to be pushed into lower area on one side while the other side is pulled over and off the flange.

5.)DROPPED AXLE – Front axle altered so as to lower the frame of the vehicle. Consists of bending axle downward at outer ends (solid front axle).

6.)DOUBLE LEADING BRAKE – A drumbrake assembly with both front shoes self energized during forward wheel rotation.


7.)DOUBLE REDUCTION AXLE– In the double reduction or tripple reduction type final drive, the required speed reduction is obtained in two or more steps. This enables higher torque to be available at the road wheels. In heavy duty and off highway vehicles, multiple reduction is used. 

8.)DOUBLE TRAILING BRAKE – A drum brake assembly with both shoes self energized during rearward wheel rotation only.

9.)DRAG – To accelerate a vehicle from standing start, over course one fourth mile in length. Also used by some drivers when referring to challenging another driver to an acceleration race.

10.)DRAG LINK – A steel rod connecting pitman arm to one of steering knuckles. On some installations, drag link connects pitman arm to a centre idler arm.

11.)DIFFERENTIAL LOCK– The differential lock grips one or both of the side gears to the differential case. This prevents their rotation on the pins. This enables a larger torque to be transmitted to the gripping wheel than that to the slipping wheel.


12.)DIRECT ACTING SHOCK ABSORBER – Type of shock absorber which shortens or lengthens in action. Also called telescopic shock absorber.

13.)DIRECT DRIVE – Such as high gear when crankshaft and drive shaft revolve at same speed.

14.)DOUBLE LEADING SHOE – A drum brake having two leading shoes and no trailing shoes. Each shoe has its own actuating mechanism and pivot.


15.)DOUBLE PISTON CALIPER – A hydraulic brake caliper with two pistons and provision for applying hydraulic pressure equally to both pistons. The caliper body is fixed solidly.

16.)DASH BOARD – Part of body containing driving and control instruments, switches etc.

17.)DEAD AXLE – Axle that does not rotate or deliver power but merely forms a base upon which wheels may be mounted.

18.)DEDION – Rear axle set up in which driving wheels are attached to the frame by a central pivot. Differential unit is bolted to frame and is connected to the driving wheels by drive axles.


19.)DEPENDENT SUSPENSION – Wheel connected through an axle member so that movement of one wheel moves the other wheel.

20.)DIFFERENTIAL – A mechanism between axles that permit one wheel to turn at a different speed than the other while transmitting power from the drive shaft to the wheel axles, when the vehicle is negotiating a turn.