Principal Rivers of the World
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Sunday, 9 March 2014
Principal Rivers of the World
Interesting Environmental Facts
Interesting Environmental Facts
Human Influenced Facts
If just 25% of
U.S. families used 10 fewer plastic bags a month, we would save over 2.5
BILLION bags a year.
- On the average, the 140 million cars in America are estimated to travel almost 4 billion miles in a day, and according to the Department of Transportation, they use over 200 million gallons of gasoline doing it.
- Every year we throw away 24 million tons of leaves and grass. Leaves alone account for 75% of our solid waste in the fall.
- Over 100 pesticide ingredients are suspected to cause birth defects, cancer, and gene mutations.
- Every ton of recycled office paper saves 380 gallons of oil.
- About 1% of U.S. landfill space is full of disposable diapers, which take 500 years to decompose.
- Energy saved from one recycled aluminum can will operate a TV set for 3 hours, and is the equivalent to half a can of gasoline.
- Glass produced from recycled glass instead of raw materials reduces related air pollution by 20%, and water pollution by 50%.
- Americans use 50 million tons of paper annually -- consuming more than 850 million trees.
- Homeowners use up to 10 times more toxic chemicals per acre than farmers.
- By turning down your central heating thermostat one degree, fuel consumption is cut by as much as 10%.
- Insulating your attic reduces the amount of energy loss in most houses by up to 20%.
- Enough glass was thrown away in 1990 to fill the Twin Towers (1,350 feet high) of New York's World Trade Center every two weeks.
- One ton of carbon dioxide that is released in the air can be prevented by replacing every 75 watt light bulbs with energy efficient bulbs.
- Many banks lent large sums of money to developing nations. In order to pay those debts plus interest many nations have turned to the mining of their natural resources as a source of financial aid.
- Every day 40,000 children die from preventable diseases.
- The public transportation that we have is a wreck. The U.S. continues to promote and invest in private car travel rather than public transportation.
- The human population of the world is expected to be nearly tripled by the year 2100.
- A three percent annual growth rate will result in the doubling of consumption and production of food and other products in 25 short years. The amount of motor vehicles that are expected to be operated will increase 15 million a year until at least 2010.
- The world's per capita grain production has been on the downfall since 1985 despite the use of fertilizers and pesticides.
- Already a train system has been developed (back in 1987) which is based on magnetic levitation and causes minimal pollution. These versions of a train are already in use in several countries.
- Fibre optics, made of glass, are being used to replace copper cables throughout the world.
- The uncontrolled fishing that is allowed has reduced the amount of commercial species. Some species, up to one-tenth of their original population.
- Every day 50 to 100 species of plants and animals become extinct as their habitat and human influences destroy them.
The Earth
- Deserts are advancing and taking over the land. In Mali the desert has taken over about 220 miles in as few as 20 years. Deserts can be repelled, by developing tree-planting projects, having better agriculture and by managing the land better. However, governments still are reluctant to fund anti-desertification, despite horrific droughts that have occurred in recent years.
- The Earth has been around for 4.6 billion years. Scaling this time down to 46 years we have been around for 4 hours and our Industrial Revolution began just 1 minute ago. During this short time period we have ransacked the planet for ways to get fuels and raw materials, have been the cause of extinction of an unthinkable amount of plants and animals, and have multiplied our population to that of a plague.
- Despite all of the damage we have caused the environment most of it is reversible. We can restore habitats and return species to them; clean rivers; renovate buildings; replenish the topsoil, replant forests. However, these activities do not relieve the worst symptoms of the damage. We still have to fix the source of these problems, us and our vision that we must progress.
The Rainforest
- In Peninsular Malaysia, more tree species are found in 125 acres of Tropical Forest than in the entire North America.
- In Peru a single bush may contain more ant species than in the British Isles.
- A study has shown that there are possibly over 30 million species of insects dwelling in the canopies of tropical forests.
- 63,000 square miles of Rainforests are being destroyed each year.
- Rainforests higher than 3,000 feet above sea level are called cloud forests.
- Already over half of the world's tropical forests have been lost.
- Madagascar is the home to a rainforest where 60 percent of it's 12,000 different plant species are unique to that island.
- When you visit a pharmacist, one in every four purchases will have come from a tropical forest.
- Medicine produced in tropical forests bring in commercially 30 billion dollars a year.
- Large areas of South and Central America are cleared and burned for cattle ranching. This is so that farmers can provide cheap beef to consumers in the West.
- Every year approximately four billion tons of carbon accumulates in the air each year, about 30% of this comes directly from the continued burning of the rainforests.
- More than anything else, rainforest is destroyed by peasant farmers. However, the responsibility for this lies largely with the governments who fail to promote land reform and sustainable agricultural practices as an alternative to forest clearance.
- Greater than a quarter of our rainforest is in Brazil.
Interesting Animal Facts
- Penguins live only in the Southern Hemisphere and never in the Northern Hemisphere.
- A single porcupine is known to kill 100 trees in one winter. It uses it's sharp claws to climb a tree, sits on a limb to gnaw away at the bark and twigs and then stuffs them all into its mouth at once. Because of it's liking for bark, the porcupine causes much damage to forests.
- A scallop moves by sucking water into its shell and then squirting it out suddenly. It likes to wander around and this gives it enough force to push it in front in a zig zag manner.
- A male garibaldi damselfish attract females for mating by covering a rock with a thick layer of alga. A male which clean off a rock to allow only algae to live have a higher chance of mating. The algae is also used to protect the eggs of the fish.
- To prevent the nest from getting soaked, the rare white-chinned swift, which nests behind the waterfalls of Latin America plant pieces of moss in the nest which then grow and reinforce the nest.
- A porcupine loves salt so much that it would walk into a camp and gnaw on anything that has been touched by salt or even by perspiring hands.
- Despite having a shell of armour for the body, an armadillo has teeth that do not have enamel and thus have very soft teeth. It can only eat soft food such as ants, termites, grubs and bugs.
- The tip of an elephant's trunk is so sensitive and flexible that it can pick up a pin.
- If a mole does not find food within 12 hours, it will die. Its chief food consists of insects and earthworms.
- A male nightingale stops singing when its eggs have hatched so as not to attract unnecessary attention to the nest. However he gives short calls to tell the female that all is well or danger is approaching.
- Bolas spiders snare moths by producing chemicals similar to pheromones used by several species of female moths to attract mates.
- The webbed feet of the stormy petrel enable it to 'walk' on water. It spends almost its entire life over the ocean and only comes to land to breed. If a storm arises, they can't walk on water and are forced to remain in the air all day and night.
- Some giant land turtles are able to bellow.
- No one knows what happens to the seahorse during winter as it is only seen during the summertime.
- There is a species in the river Nile in Egypt that avoids its enemies by swimming with its black belly up and its white back down.
- The arctic tern, a migrating bird is able to travel back and forth as much as 22000 miles in a course of a year.
- The Amazon army ants raid nests of certain black ants and carry back to cocoons and larvae to their own homes. When the cocoons hatch, they will become the slaves of these army ants and do all their work.
- The nest that an osprey is a huge and attractive one which is unhidden from sight and the bird adds new material each year to the same old nest. The nest can weigh up to 450 kilograms.
The Open Range
- The Grasslands cover one-fifth of the land on Earth.
- The majority of grasslands are found around the tropics.
- Natural grasslands are; the savannahs of Africa, the North American prairies, and in southern USSR-the dry steppes.
- Semi-natural grasslands are where the forest has been cleared and grazing, cutting or burning maintains the grass cover. Tending to be more productive most South and South-East Asian grasslands are semi-natural grasslands.
- The temperate grassland soil contains a lot of organic material (more than the tropical)
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